Transitions

Pacific coastal rainforest is lush and full of activity, even in January. It’s also been a mild winter by the start of 2025. Snoqualmie, the river moon valley, ropes through ancient glacial lake bottom in echos of evergreen forest, now twigs and matchsticks more often than old growth. Still, a wide, deep river sister follows a signature ice groove along a managed forest with minimal setbacks bordering erratic boulders and cement rebar bridges, which I drive on this vantage, overlooking salmon dreams, whispering needles, scaled harmony. Poetic bliss, if the fish were here, historic numbers are a song on the wind. Oral history told by important kin to the fish nation, and I wish them well in their defending. Water, life giver, purity and quantity, though still deeply rooted in a cycle, became a hostile combatant to man made disruptions. Snoquamie Falls is the natural dam of this fork of flowing water that floods human endeavor and becomes a monster. It’s only our own projections, along with construction of our own egocentric ambitions to monetize the natural cycles of crucial complexity we prefer to destroy. A destructive lineage tracing back to those mammoths people are talking about resurrecting. But I love to digress- or transition?

There is this place, where water brings abrupt frocking, these transition zones are all part of wonder in nature, scaling upward, a few thousand feet from mere home ground 4-600′. An alpine lake reflect that hint of robin’s egg blue, and bird song echoing the winter quiet into melodic texture of branching twig cracking under the tire turning my box of metal ride up a final steep climb and into that white track of temperature trigger of physical form. Ice at the root of such garb, on a molecular level. Not like the lake, which rippled invitingly, etching the elevation in charcoal, navy oceans of deep stone trappings. There’s actually a quarry, right at the final turn around the climb and gaining a last look at the tranquil, the truck, pup, and I raddled along the very stone taken from the abrupt change, yet another transition, quick, and then gone around the switch back, and the next bend into daylight’s shining embrace.

Roads stretch flat, a pure white water, yet also still and sharp, like my mother’s linen, the folds of time, layers of second and third dusting, There is not enough to ski, slick, in full sun, soft to the step, but shallow; scraping of an oil based product I’m also heavily wrapped in as a final shell of protection from cold habitat, crisp in step and hiking upward in a steady climb across clearcut, with recent replanting- our “plant a tree” farewell songs of loss for commercial gain, and home grown, local; part of the effort to fold in recycling and our waste systems… but I digress, I guess, again, as one wheel in the universe of life- I can’t start musing on what is without what for. Therefor, Boldly choosing to move forward and literally climb into the first peaks, it was a delight to park, let the dog out for some good snow time, and let my body fall into rhythms of ancient tellings, smells you only get outside- even if they are tainted with traffic exhaust and the smell of oil cooking, sloppy grease traps, or the sour sick whiff of freshly spread manure from industrial agriculture, not to mention build up of us, the settlers. Less than aware ancestors cut old growth hillsides over one-hundred years ago, then another generation got the second growth with the understanding of a last good harvest. In my lifetime, by third growth, commercial development of the valley below into the cities at mouths, deltas, or filled in wetland from here to the sea, inland waterway often clogged with meth shellfish, motor traffic, diesel, hydraulic oil, ballast putridity, and the last orcas evolving to tolerate the conditions we the people have rendered uninhabitable, all the transitions are still part of the the same living network of collective survival, technology cannot bring us closer to said resources without destroying them, and our very beating hearts.

Every important piece of ecological functioning uninhibited, deepens purity of the sources; from the water sheds, to an even more crucial system of long term filtration. The ground is not being poked here for intentional deep well disposal of industrial shit. Our needed comforts, like my synthetic sports wear, still produce these unwanted waste chemicals, and even the wash water from my laundry, and in many homes, the petroleum based detergents, will end up in our water. The heavy metals in all our systems, even personal digestive tracks of the many billions carry these toxins, gaining them at first conception, through genetic marks they leave on us, our biorhythms, leading to cancer, or signaling our lives as having gone too far into comfort as a magical remedy to the realities of life? How am I coping? Maybe I light up a joint, take a drive into the mountains to move and observe, reflect and grow into place with purpose, driving into the edges of wilderness, pushing out a few deer, squirrels, snow shoe hare, and countless other beings already fully immersed in themselves and their place where wildness is required for long term survival. I did leave the truck a couple of miles back, hopefully it remains dependable as a ride home.

The survival rate varies form species to species, but our race, the human populous at large, would not last long out here alone, but together, with enough others, you can transition beyond mere castles in the sky longing, and into community building. Building is what got us here, or so I’m told by the western centric narrative of “U-S-A” chanting idiocracy we just voted in a second time. What a transition that will be. Look! The rabbit’s made the sign of the cross- nature is protected! I recall Magic The Gathering, in which, I’d cast the card Circle of Protection White, and the next four years would be shut out, returning me to reality after the tornado, house dropped on the witch’s sister, and a yellow brick road we’re all still following towards The Emerald City. Pay no attention to the man behind that curtain and keep clicking the red slippers repeating, “There’s no place like home.” This was not what I was thinking as I climbed at the time, but something triggers in the back of my mind at the thought that these lands that I walk are stolen, by our own negligence and people. We’ve taken the bait, hook, line. and sinker. Now, past the tipping point, while walking in fast melting snow, the waters that would have to keep our wells wet and the animals, all of us, alive through hotter and hotter summers. This is something I now think of with each drive up. But look at that view, and the bought access and freedom to some here, so American.

The clear cut gives us this lovely view looking back down the draw I’ve been ascending, a reasonable road hike to about 1200′ of elevation gain at a modest slope and a couple of stream crossings- over bridges. This is the private commercial timber products operation, which literally built (and still does) the civilization enveloped in a beautiful transition of cloud, water in a most haunting, yet crucial part of temperate rainforest ecology. Beyond the inversion, jetting peaks of The Olympics rise into a well named National Park of excellent wilderness, and beyond, the Pacific coast. Layers of so much nature you might be lured into the false sense of abundance in natural resources and the basics for survival, but it’s not enough to sustain this population, and that’s another thought tucked away in the brain, which sets off alarm bells, but the temperate rainforest is where I want to be for the best chance at survival if the comforts were lost through unpredictable happenings of this earth.

I reflect on L.A. right now, and what mental health workers are calling immediate steps in transition, encouraging victims of fire to plan in small graspable moves, get food, water, shelter, the usual survival drill. I do not mean to say this tragedy is simple or usual, though it is man made. Development greed and continued denial of human overstep wherever and whenever we want. As I watched and listened to the governor of Cali proudly say he would wipe ecological restrictions out of rebuilding requirements, I could see the lineup of future fire destruction in these overpopulated places and grieve. When temperate forests dry out in prolonged drought, fires will happen for us too. Rain is good, waters must run deep to keep us safe from fire’s consumption. Before I share with you the magical tail of temperate, I’ll anchor my wander in the picture of this aspect, under the veil, and you can see the developed world at work.

It is a city in the clouds, and a micro-macro in computer technology, the birth of such spells and casting now ruling our consumer, social, and soon to be political personalities far off, as though in a distant land. It’s like that here, what a privilege, in a private acreage, admiring the spectacle, and being one at the same time. Wait, what? Let me draw your attention to the patchwork quilt in the rolling hills and valley below. That’s where the farm is, and where I sleep. There are still some standing groves of second and third growth, maybe some that might be left for a few generations before falling into manipulative speculation or castration of wildness for all. I’ve cut trees, asked and paid others to do so on the landscape I sometimes curate with my own ideas of stewardship transition, of wandering as a right, possession of pace and space, wherever my feet are planted.

Brave little wetland setbacks that have been granted, in more recent tending of this land, a common thread in developing, to build, taking is the order of business. Order, tight squares in neat harvesting, these hills could be rice fields, no, we have not cut our jungle usefulness as a resource that can be swiped, bundled, and chopped into board feet. Left face of this rise out of the Snoqualmie Valley and Rattle Snake Ridge beyond, where there are timber investments from LMNO alfa-beta medatronic meta-gaming. Metagaming mother nature, for those of you more hip techno-files out there AIing the you know what out of finite, as I type, or hike, loosing steam, but looking back at the time and space passing, appreciating where and what I can be doing to transition. How about casting a spell?

Spellbinding, movement, frozen, liquid, bubbling chatter under thin ice. Here, the freeze is only skin deep. Snow is blanketing the open space, but where the stands of uncut forest remain, there is open ground, and a wall of sun catch for the south facing hillsides. Still, erosion pulls at the road cuts, scabs put down to give people, like me, easier access to the first peaks left behind ice flows a mile deep in memories compressed into stones, layers of boulders and pebbles give way to allochthon signatures, vaulted granite base with volcanic wedded basalt linger. Not quite spires, but no less towering in formation, the scent of alpine spruce has overtaken cedar and fir domain with the stiff bristled hardy stands at the edge of the commercial boundaries, beyond, more transitions of mountain scree, frozen alpine waters that, in high summer, offer beauty of turquoise depth. Seasonal transitions aside, on this day, a return to my evergreen chariot and drive through grey daylight, home in time to check stock and bundle self into hearth before the frost comes down in it’s own quiet spell into night. The pale rose hinting at setting, pearl globe bouncing off the edges of uplift, calling the evening chorus of those birds who will wait out the night in thick needle beds, perched under down and comfort in the light breeze that sings her balanced little heart to sleep before dark sets a web of mist from mountain clefts to farm’s edge.

Grounded environment, yet change apparent, ever encroaching on the peace of mind, yet the beauty is still there, she painted her subtle hints in breath and sky, along the cold parts of skin where no cover let the light in, along tailored edges, where this transfer of power, from self to source, ashes that will one day plant another tree in the forest of our enchanted societal normalities, whose plot am I gleaning from in the classic sunset image, tire tracks and all. Clear cuts offer space for a mind melded to technology, even without bitcoin. Smart phone, computer whore, and a gasoline consumer wearing her own death suit in water proof apparel. Transition out of these wet cloths.

2025 Rant

There’s a lot of winter wonderland to enjoy at the start of the new year. I’ve been trying to get into the mountains on a weekly basis for some snow shoeing and nature observation. One week I’ll be in 6″ of fresh powder, and the next, and ice coated shell melted back to mountain’s edge. This trip, I looked at the transition from clear cuts in the tree farm, vs. the BLM land just beyond that I can gain access to on foot. Val and I took a beautiful calm day after a weekend of rainstorms to see what was left of our first big snow of the year. It was a dramatic melt back from what I had seen the week before. This is the epic change one can experience in The Cascades. Fresh powder does not usually last long here in our rainforest mountains. But just a few hundred feet below the freezing point, a different world stands as testament to our consumer demand here in The Pacific Northwest and beyond.

Washington State is a timber resource provider, though these days, we’re cutting young wood to make laminated products, so the age of a tree is moot. Gone are the days of big timber logs in this part of the world, through just a few hours north in British Colombia, old growth is still being cut to provide building materials in The US and abroad. Millions of board feet are shipped to Asia every day, carrying off the biomass of one ecology, to support the destruction of ecology elsewhere- what progress. I see the signature of human devastation each time I enter the tree farm for recreational activity, and though I deeply appreciate the access, what I witness in resource management can be gut wrenching. After cutting and hauling off the younger trees, the GMO plantation replant is followed by herbicide application (multiple times) and then the spreading of treated sewage from our nearby cities. This last more recent part of tree farming offers the land a boost of nitrogen, along with a spreading of forever chemicals across the landscape to pollute our soil and water.

Clear cuts are sometimes hard to imagine unless you have been to them. Hundreds of acres are often cut at once. The replanted trees are funded by green wash carbon credits. Whenever you see “more than a millions trees planted” on some packaging unrelated to forests, it’s a harmful consumer company trying to make people feel better about their disconnect from the environment. Most, if not all the trees planted are in tree farms, where they will be cut for profit, never allowed to grow into mature trees. Where else do you think all these trees are magically being planted? You think there are new forests protected to old growth age? No, there are no new forests going in, unless it’s to cover up industrial pillaging in Superfund sights where people have no other option but to release toxic land from development because of pesky EPA rules, which will soon be buried for the sake of progress. Apartheid raised South African Musk and his space penis will see to that.

We are all asleep at the wheel when it comes to the real goings on in our environment, and that’s worked for generations of cancer victims, fatal neurological disorders, and an endless list of other environmentally caused human conditions that end in early death. Sorry to flush the dreams folks, but we’ve been flushing mother nature down the toilet for so long now, caring is too late. Take in the pollution- your body is, every day. Future generations will be filled with chemicals that rewrite our very DNA, and not for the better. Healthcare will not treat the preexisting conditions we find ourselves in thanks to industry under sight. Who cares? Drill baby drill! Cut baby cut! The precious few spaces left trying to recover form man’s misuse will not be enough wild space to save us from ourselves. This is the legacy I look at each time I transition from the cutting, into the “protected” land just beyond. It was still cut in the 1970s, and only remains uncut now because of elevation, slope, and scree piles that would shatter the trees if they were felled.

It’s hard to get a read on how big these alpine Douglas firs are, but I put valley on a fallen trunk along one of the trails in the BLM land to try to show you the girth of these old growth trees, which, because they are alpine scree trees, grow much slower, and are way older than their bulking size would have you believe. Still, you can see stumps from the legacy of logging that got into every forest they could reach- and may again if we have reason for it. During WWII, a whole sections of Olympic National Park was given over to logging for the air and space industry. In the quick stroke of a pen, any part of our ecological fabric can be torn apart, and sometimes, no pen is needed, just a trusty saw and some ego trying to prove dominion over all things- like the bible says. It’s a loosing battle for all of us in the end. Our heritage of consumption will have us all in the pot boiling soon. The hottest year is yet to come, and people will slow cook to death for our mishandling of the planet. This mishandling is perpetuated now by corporate bodies who say profits over people and we all cheer, seeing out meager money investments grow on a passing screen. Thanks booming economy.

When we watch Lord of The Rings, Wicked, Star Wars, or any other good vs. evil saga, how do we miss the part about us being the bad guys to our own environment? I know it’s not always easy to sort good and bad- watch any Miyazaki film and you’ll learn this. Our fire of industry has run away with nature, forcing her into “natural resources” instead of complex habitat for life- our lives. We don’t care if our streams and creeks are cemented underground so we can build a new affordable housing complex. We scoff at clean water protection because it hinders space travel. Who cares if the birds are dying? Yet we are pissed eggs got so expensive. Still, no one asks why-good bye critical thinking. We’re learning not to question any more, or follow the money, or even leave our homes to go outside when there is a new episode streaming. So we sit in Plato’s cave and stuff our faces with cheap eatings- courtesy of highly processed crap. Just reach for your Ozempic and carry on. WAKE UP PEOPLE! This is the end of life as we know it, the next great extinction caused by US. We are still buried in ignorance, or more likely, denial. What can we do with such a thing as this industrial complex of military design? How can each of us stop buying in? Getting an electric car is not the answer.

Our first step is admitting there’s a problem, then making a small list of the top 3 things we can do to change our pattern of consumption.

  1. Walk away from bulk buying stores and online shopping.
  2. Embrace carpools, public transit, and drive less.
  3. Get off social media.

Then reeducate yourself-

  1. Learn about the real cost of your consumption.
  2. Investigate global resources and how you use them. (smart technology is especially bad)
  3. Exercise your buying power locally.

The tech world is caught up in AI and bitcoin- it takes more resources than we have left for human kind to power these ideas. The companies developing tech know this, and are already taking legal action to protect their industries at the cost of local neighborhoods and towns. Meanwhile we get on these platforms and use them to do the work we should be doing for ourselves. Brain rot is the word of the year folks. Our bodies are rotting too- like the piles of slash and unwanted wood product cut by the machines in our tree farms, we too pile up and rot in far away places like Gaza and Ukraine. But a New Year’s Eve terrorist attack in New Orleans becomes the headliner for a week while we forget about the world terror inflicted on everyone daily. Fear of famine grips one part of the world, while another worries about rescheduling a football game. Yes folks, this is our path as American consumers. Once our right to protest has been knocked down for security reasons, we’re left silenced, in our online cages, like pods in The Matrix. We’ve all taken the red pill and happily gone back to sleep. Heart disease will get us before any terrorist in this country. But for children, guns are the number one killer. WAKE UP!

I stand looking over The Snoqualmie Valley from the edge of The Central Cascades, standing on recently clearcut land overlooking thousands of acres of tree farm, and beyond that, towns and cities stretching to Puget Sound. Washington State is less densely populated than a lot of other regions in our country, but it’s the home of tech industry. People here are lured into a false sense of security, surrounded by snow covered mountains and lush green stretching in all directions. North of us is British Colombia and Alaska, frontiers of ecological adventure and wilderness we are not worried about loosing. Tar Sands and The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge are forgotten as we sip our hot coffee and tap away at our screens. When someone shoots up a school, we share thoughts and prayers, but cannot conceive of what pain brought an individual to such murderous rage. We cannot understand why summer smoke clogs our cities, fills our lungs, and takes years off our lives. It would not occur to most of us that we are no longer thriving, because just day to day surviving has become the norm for so many. Without time to sit and reflect, we’ve all been caught up in the hamster wheel of making enough money, earning a living, paying our dues.

The opportunity to take time outside, driving to access the wilds, this is privilege. To sit here typing out what we’re all missing adds to my place of power, to see, reflect, and share. I’m only reaching a few people with these words, and shutting down a few more who don’t want to acknowledge the truth in my rant- that we’re all caught up in something we can’t seem to get out of. Small steps. There are so many little things each of us can do in our quest for change. This first, and most simple, is to turn away from the screen and go outside. Even if you live in a congested city, go outside and look up, look around, where is the nearest green space? Where do the birds fly? How many ants crawl across the pavement at your feet? How many rats live in the wall? I lived in NYC, on Manhattan Island, and still there was nature all around. Remember, people are part of nature, we are animals too. Our development is like all animal construction, only ours remains out of sync with what the natural world constrains, until climate change redistributes the energy we’ve massed back into geologic time, and our little blip of harm will come to naught in the grand scheme of the universe, which we have no power over at all.

As I walked around the frozen lake at alpine elevation, I was struck by the two tone color of the ice. It was a momentary mystery for my monkey brain to grapple with. Why was one part of the lake darker than the other? Then I took a bit of time to study my surroundings, watched the light shifting across the peaks, and it came to me. A mountain’s shadow was keeping part of the lake colder and denser than the part in sun. A mere shadow, cast from a great peak. Then I noticed the cracked ice along shore and wondered what caused that change in the lake’s surface. Again, nature revealed herself through observation. A light breeze picked up and gently swayed the surrounding trees, the sound of a wild forest signing. I thought of how tremendous a storm might come roaring through this open landscape and realized wind would push the ice up against shore, cracking the edges as pressure built up. Another mystery solved by taking in all the surrounding inputs, even when they were not present. It’s time traveling. Nature is so complex, yet we humans keep trying to put her into compartmentalized measurements of timber feet, tones of minerals extracted, and how much energy can be sucked from her corps once we drill deep down and pump her full of chemicals to make the taking easier on our machines.

The winds of change are coming, slowly pushing back on our hubris, reminding us how little control we have in our lifetime, yet reflecting on the abuse we’ve inflicted on ourselves and each other though greed. It’s not about stability any more, it’s about how much profit we can squeeze out of every measurable thing- human life, natural resources, stocks and bonds, company productivity, energy consumption. The Colorado River is not enough water for The Southwest States. Our agricultural land is now toxic with treated sewage, polluting the best food growing soil left in our nation, and we’re exporting it abroad for profit, instead of feeding our own people. We cut the forests down to build cheap goods that will end up in land fills, so we can buy more. Influencers are busy telling us what fast fashion to buy today, or what new streaming garbage to watch. Listen to this hip podcast and worry about true crime. True crime is our tune out on mother nature. Once it’s gone, we can’t easily bring it back. We don’t think in lifetimes to come, only how big our money market account grew this year, and how we can dodge taxes, penalties, and regulations to get the best deal.

As I’ve said many times before- we can’t eat, drink, or breath money. When the smoke, microplastics, and forever chemicals fully integrate into our bodies, we will rejoin nature prematurely, with no buy out to rescue us from our own neglect. This is the living contract we all sign at birth, to live in the world with all we make of it. Our paradise is lost, and our health and happiness are the cost of doing business. I do not see an easy brake from this world of consumption, but I do see a way to slow it, turn away from some of it when I can, and at least see what we have done in this country, and know where we’re headed based on the behavior we demonstrate day to day. The birds are still outside singing, the insects still carry on, and what plants are allowed to grow do, though few will ever reach the epoch that came before human industrial money making took what was enough and culled plenty into scarcity for all.

Flocks of Winter

The chickens remain healthy, alert, plump, and laying there more modest schedule of 3-5 a day from a lock of about 30 hens, 20 of which, are mature layers, and ten are at various stages of young poullet, which is at little to no production through this part of winter, which is just fine, because I’d prefer them putting their energy into growing a strong body and taking the time to to do. Most broiler bird breeds, especially the industrially developed verities, are often too heavy for their legs and hips, becoming crippled in the final weeks of maturity for the fried chicken chains and frozen food sections of the world. Does this make it a well fed world?

These “fat birds” as I love to call the chicken flock, walking down to the coop each morning to feed the crew. They come running into the gravel drive and encircle me as we move as an undulating mass, towards the grain shed, where I will scoop out one glorious serving of golden grain, grit, and mineral mix from Scratch and Peck Farm. This modest home flock are my little experiment in animal husbandry. I’ve been breeding towards dual purpose Ayem Cemani base stock birds that are good free range soil scratches and crucially, self aware ground birds with the good sense to keep an eye on the sky. Black iridescent feathers are as striking as any corvid, which does seem to fend off many of the smaller aerial predators. To see this flock come together in a mob of darting beaks and talons even puts off the pair of cotton patch geese who outweigh the hens by double and tower over them with snake neck dexterity.

Our debonair rooster, Dragon, remains king of the roost, and guards the flock with his life, always the first to cry out warning signals, standing out in the open alone to face off with eagles and hawks that might alight on a nearby branch and stay too long. The yard guard that’s most vocal against aerial assault is Valentine. She’s running up and down the upper pasture, growling her territorial warning right back at a piping eagle or chirping accipiter. The chickens have learned to heed her alert barks and duck into the barn or hay shed, under the hay trailer or into the coop. Owls are the nocturnal threat, including at first light in the morning, when I’m glad the birds are shut away, else they begin an early wander into the open field to glean, and hear nothing of death upon silent wing. We lost our goslings this way last spring, 2024, when I discovered that the plucky little babes could slip through the chain link gate, and happily did so, straying off without any parental protection- their only protection.

The geese still have a lot to teach me, and I’m working hard to upgrade their accommodations to better insulate both the nesting female and her cantankerous offspring. Current renovations include chicken wire lined gate, solid board lower walls, and at least two nesting cubbies. This breed is relatively passive, but during the nesting months, which will start in late winter into early spring, I try to avoid getting into tight spaces with the geese, keeping food and water right inside the gate so I don’t get wing beaten or pecked by vigilant parents. A flock of two is still a flock, and these two geese remain great teachers and social creatures with great boundary skills.

In another flock all together, pregnant ewes await their afternoon alfalfa feeding before settling down to chew cud and grow lambs. January is the start of possible drop, which will continue through early May. Most of these lambs should be born in the next few months, but the first years are sometimes later in Spring, which is fine, it just spreads out the lambing season, but with this small flock, that’s not a big deal. I’m overwintering 10 ewes this year, 2 more than I’d planned because of demand and great genetics in this most recent generation. 4 first years are in this flock. I wanted to see the range this new ram could throw, and some of them will certainly lamb this year. The biggest ewe lamb, Pacific, is already grown to the size of the second year ewes. She’s got longer legs, but a good meat sheep build and quick bulk up, but size it not everything.

Her mother, a 4 year old ewe born on the property, had a great build too, but dropped only single lambs. Pacific is the first of her size and growth rate, which is the meat sheep pasture to carcass gain this breed is known for, so I’m hoping she lambs this year. If she drops twins, she’s a keeper, even with the longer legs. Trait selection can be tricky, and with an armature eye and such a small flock of genetics to select from, there is a lot of personal preference I put into selecting each sheep. Personality, handleability, and good parenting are all traits my sheep must have. I also try to keep to the main breed standards by sticking with hair sheep, a good carcass growth on pasture, short legs to keep them in the electric mesh fencing, and even small heads for ease of birthing. These are some of many traits to think about when breeding animals, and a good shepherd knows the individual habits and mannerisms of every member of their flock to better the herd’s long term thriving and surviving.

Gill is still also getting occasional flock visits. Out temperate winter climate at the end of 2024 has kept the grass growing slowly, still offering some quick grazing delight, and fresh greens to pregnant ewes. When there is a stop in the rain, I let the girls out for a stretch and a little veg while Gill does his rounds scent marking and visually reconnecting with changes on the landscape in his territory. A fallen branch becomes a good marking post, the deer leg bone he likes to chew remains where he left it on a good viewpoint in the field. The sheep circle across the grassy hillside. Eventually, I’ll ask Valley to help me round up the herd, returning them to the barn for an evening of laze and graze in their dry shavings with four walls to keep out the chilly night air. These sheep really do live the life, and share it gracefully with me, the dogs, the birds, cats, and all the wild critters that keep this cooperative collective of living organisms thriving and jiving.

Tree Island Build

It was a late fall day and I had a bucket of native plants that needed a new home. A few days earlier I’d been on my driveway pulling up all the young alder trees to re-home them away from main thruways. Now I had a combination of canopy and understory plants that were ready to put back in the soil in there forever home. I’d been eyeing one of my worm cities as a possible location. It had some good legacy stumps and banked fertility in some piled compost of sheep barn bedding which had been cooking down for over a year and was ready to host new plantings. I was going to shovel the whole thing into the bed of my truck to transport across the property to another raised bed that needed some topsoil. Then I thought about how much work that would be, and decided to bring the plants there and make a nice tree island.

A tree island is my name for a small cluster of trees holding a little island forest habitat, surrounded by open pasture. One might call it a grove, but I like the idea of an island of raised habitat on the landscape. To prep the “bed” I turned the surrounding soil up onto the old pile until there was a substantial mound. Then I planted the shorter understory plants on the south side, mulching them with some shavings. It’s important to keep track of young plantings if you can. I use bright orange flagging tape to show where things are. I also snuck a couple of oaks in for long term growth. On the north side of the mound I transplanted the red alders from the road. They are already over head height in stature, and will easily keep above the smaller plantings as everything sets. It certainly transformed a muddy stack into a beautiful bed of young native plantings that are sure to add layers of vegetation, diversity in ecology, and change in terrain for the eye, to name a few benefits of establishing a tree island.

This is also a berm, well drained in flood months, yet mulched to keep summer sun off the soil. More layers of animal bedding that is nitrogen cold, will be spread in lower outer rings to be turned into more compost as soil builds. alders will be thinned and even pleachered to allow sunlight north of the mound where other swales and more established tree islands are set and growing for a decade. The south facing hillside gently slopes on the north end of the property, so I’ve planned sun isles through the future standards that will litter the upper pasture and main living area of the land. Oaks will eventually be harvested for wood heat, some acorn production similar to native hazel, and savanna silvopasture with deciduous nut and fruit trees dominating the canopy.

This tree island will host 20-30 years of alder and oak growth, while hosting long term hedge and shrub species for pollination and further starvation food wildlife habitat. Our chickens will use the young stands as shelter and as summer clutch rearing habitat until chickens are phased out of restoration plans for EEC Forest. Though chickens are a jungle fowl, avian flu and other bird carried pathogens in our area might cause the necessary culling of flocks if infected. Leafhopper will comply with any state mandates, but if our animals are slaughtered, we will not plan future production livestock and phase towards total rewilding sooner in the 60 year lifetime plan of my direct work with this landscape, in hopes of cleaner air, soil, and water for future generations of all living things.

These tree islands will thrive and grow with or without human tending, in a succession stand of oak savanna, the most successful forest in this soil, with the glacial till drainage, and sloping topography. Layers of slide alder, hazel, and in seasonally flooded areas of the land, willow to root long term understory deciduous drought resistant hundred year canopy return. There are enough maturing trees already on sight to produce native coniferous species as long as current climate allows. That’s where I try not to scry the future few hundred years with too much confidence. Soil building takes thousands of years, in which time, for this rather active geologic web of tectonic sudden upheaval and strata volcanic presence invites. Paring that with exponential climate instability with the not so subtle storms of wind and water, drought and fire to uncharted ferocity akin to fears of AI.

The weather is happening in real time, and when it’s privatized by that shadow cabal known as prosperity to the few at the cost of the many, we’d all earn some ancestral wisdom in looking up at the sky, watching the light, clouds, wind, and colors of seasonal shifts and nature’s language of entropy, which is usually experienced by us as slow and uneventful- most of the time. Hopefully the trees survive into some forest cover, and nuts offer food source that even humans can eat. This tree is fire friendly, drought tolerant, and could fend off blackberry with chemical warfare. They are spaced well from the long term establishment of understory shrubs planted in the island ecology. Mock orange and service berry are drought tolerant, also friends of fire, and offer food, materials, and medicine. Together, these plant companions will establish a long term cooperative adaptation, and provide layers of abundance and regeneration for the landscape through all of nature’s change.

Winter Mushrooms

Because of our wonderful temperate climate here in Western Washington, even in December, the mycology of the landscape is awake and thriving. Most mushrooms are not edible, but there is still so much to learn from our fungal friends. I took a walk around the property and photographed what was growing on around the land here at EEC Forest Stewardship. This Helvella lacunosa is a wonderful example of a common winter mushroom you night find in the woods or across the pasture. Though they are not recommended for eating, they are an unusual shape (though not for the family) Helvellaceae. Note the stem shape, it’s actually chambered within those ridges, making the identity of this mushroom rather easy. I love sharing the common nae of this mushroom, “Elfin Saddle”.

Other mushrooms are not so easy to identify, and are often small and overlooked, especially in grassy terrain. These modest little Hygrocybe marginata is recognizable to those with a discerning eye. Waxy cap mushrooms are named for their texture and feel. This species has a bright orange cap, and is not edible, but these little guys are working hard to decompose plant matter to enhance the soil for future growing.

One of my favorite little guys to see popping up are in the mycena genus. These mushrooms sometimes come in bright colors like pink or teal green, but more often, you’ll see cream colors like this. These are Saprotrophic mushrooms, meaning they oxidize electrons from donors in the plant and soil community to obtain energy. The chemical complexities of mushrooms is a long rabbit hole to go down here, but for those interested in the chemical breakdowns fungi provide, the internet is full of complex diagrams like this. I’m not a chemist, but let’s just say that mushrooms play a crucial role in soil and plant health by unlocking and exchanging many hard to get chemicals in the environment. Without fungal activity, much of the complex ecological structures like forests and even desert sand would be missing key ingredients to support life.

You’ll often find communities of different mushrooms together in one place. This speaks to the diverse range of chemical decomposition each mushroom offers the soil and plant life around it. When you see one mushroom, take a moment to look around, there are probably others nearby. I would like to see more studies on the communal relationships between different species of mushroom in the environment. So far, we’re still working to even map some of the DNA in mushrooms and discovering that certain families we groups mushrooms into are way off from the actual DNA signatures they present. Humans have an endless quest to understand nature. If mushrooms are any indication, we are still clueless about mush of the mycological world, or it’s crucial role in nature. It concerns me that with such limited understanding, we the people still impose vast changes on our environment to suit our own short term needs.

Some mushrooms are hard to identify, especially after aging. Old mushrooms are usually brown and mushy, almost completely unidentifiable. People like to send me pictures of mushrooms and ask what kind they are. Rarely, I can ID them, most of the time I make broad speculations- and say so, because mushrooms are a huge, complex family tree, and the subspecies change a lot, because new DNA research is starting to show us just how expansive and diverse the mushroom kingdom is. I made an educated guess that the white mushroom pictured above might be in the Pholiota family. Then I went a little deeper to see if I could track down a specific species and hit the usual DNA roadblock. It’s very common to not know a mushroom in the field. Many species can only be narrowed down though a microscope. You look at spore prints to see the unique shapes produced by that species to get a better idea of who it is. I’m not at that level of ID, and certainly not with just a picture to go on.

What I can say is that if you want to use photos to go deep, you need pictures of the cap, stem, gill structure, surrounding material you see the mushroom growing in, and specific location it was found. Then be prepared to just not know. As I mentioned earlier, mushroom DNA research is letting us know that we really know nothing about mushrooms. That’s fine by me, because I really just like to do a bit of foraging and basic ID in the field. That’s still a lifetime of learning. With just over a decade of wandering around in an attempt to get to know them, my mushrooming skills help me know what’s edible in my specific bioregion and no where else. That’s another thing about mushrooms, they may look similar in other parts of the world, but are rarely the same family you know back home.

Sometimes we completely miss a mushroom right under our feet. This decaying brown group of fungi looks like typical Marasmius oreades, but I would not bet on it, knowing how much a mushroom can change as it ages. In my quest to identify this species, I ran across a great little site with a specific entry on lawnmower mushrooms. It’s always fun to see what others are learning in the field. Though no mowing goes on here, the sheep can easily spread spores as they graze about. Animals often carry spores on their fur. I often see a trail of fruiting fungi along animal paths in the woods. It’s a fun detail to note when you are mushroom hunting. Remember that fungi can be very toxic, so wash hands if you do handle them. If you are unsure, just leave them where they are. It’s ok to just take a picture and move on. You probably won’t get a clear ID, but just taking a little time on the world wide web to look at what’s out there is worth the time and learning.

Woods Weekend

My hunting mentor invited me to be his support on a black powder late deer season hunt. This window of four days allows one final chance at a deer before the season is over. It’s short and sweet, so you have to use all the waning daylight you can to be in the field. I took my shotgun to watch for grouse, but my main mission was to learn from my mentor. Time in the field with this accomplished sportsman is worth it, and a rare gift of his time with me. We were in The Snoqualmie Tree Farm for the whole hunt. Though we did not find any deer or grouse, many good things happened, including a lot of learning for me. Thanks to the people who take time to teach and offer opportunity for others to learn.

The weather played a big part in making our hunt difficult. This may surprise some, because the sky was clear and the sun was out- but blacktail deer sleep away bright days, and become more nocturnal. They get too hot in the sun with those warm winter coats coming on. Rain and clouds are what bring these deer out, so we saw very little activity, in fact, none. No deer showed it’s self the entire four days we were out, and we were covering lots of ground. My mentor thought it might also be the uptick in chemicals being used on the tree farm grounds. They spray herbicides in the young plantings, and spread treated sewage everywhere. The deer are repelled by these unnatural applications in their landscape. We could not find any brows or tracks in these chemically altered spaces. My mentor ever said he might stop coming here to hunt because of the disruption.

The views of our surrounding mountain ranges was quite magnificent. I’d not seen a good panorama of The Olympics for a while. In one of our spots, we were high enough to see just above the teenage plantings to our west. I spent some time scrambling along a recently logged off ridge line to get a picture. While picking my way through slash and slope, I picked up on a fresh set of deer tracks that went in the direction my mentor had gone. He would pick a place to hunt and I would stay on the opposite side of the road from where he went in. That way, he would know what direction I was in, and I stayed out of his hunting ground. Black powder guns don’t have a long range, but having a plan on where everyone is to keep out of each other’s line of fire is an important part of safe hunting. If my mentor wanted to change position, he would first meet me back at the truck at our planned check in time, and then make a new plan so we were always on the same page in the field.

My hunt for grouse was fruitless. There was not a bird in sight where we were. Was there any wildlife at all? Yes! We had an amazing encounter with a young bobcat. While checking out a quarry for deer- “a quarry?” you ask, yes, a quarry, where deer will sometimes look for mineral deposits in the exposed layers of earth; Wes saw movement just before I picked up on it- I was driving. We stopped the truck and watched a bobcat slink across the road and into the woods. That’s usually how you see a bobcat, briefly crossing the road. But this cat did not go too far. Moments later, as we got out to look around, the cat popped back out on the road and gave us another show. We began to observe the animal together, noting its dark morph and unusual behavior. My mentor guessed it was a young animal that had not learned to fear people yet. The encounter was magical.

Bobcats have amazing camouflage. Can you see it in the picture above? It’s crossing a log right to left, about center in this photo. I only knew it was there because I’d watched it moving for a while. My mentor and I were happy to stand and observe the animal for as long as it chose to be around us. You might be wondering why we didn’t hunt it. Well, we didn’t want to. Bobcats are not good eating, and the pelt market is not something I wish to participate in. We had our small game license, and could have harvested this cat, but that was not our intention. We were appreciating the opportunity to observe and learn form a shy, mysterious animal. The cat seemed to pick up on our intentions, and came out a few more times to show off it’s unusual dark morph and how athletic it was. I got a great series of photos as it ran away down the road.

It was a gift to watch the bobcat for so long. Sometimes it’s good to pause in a hunt to let nature show you a few things. I was glad my mentor wanted to take the time with me to watch. That was a special moment for both of us, and we cherished it. Time in the woods can slow way down. Each day there was a series of adventures. There had been a recent wind storm that knocked down a lot of trees. Many roads were impassible, which shrunk our hunting options, but there was still much ground to cover, so we did some driving, a lot of scouting (looking for recent tracks or brows) and my mentor took a few walks into recent clear-cuts in hopes of getting a deer up. They usually lay down to rest during sunny days, so you have to go into the open places and try to spook one up from it’s lay. My mentor is in his 70s, and though he is still in good shape relative to his age, he went slow, and had to take breaks between each wander. The relaxed nature of this rhythm helped me relax and enjoy the days too. I was often on a road keeping a safe distance while watching for a grouse. Not even a wing beat was heard.

I did find mushrooms, chantrelles were on the menu each night when we got home in the dark. This year, mushrooms have been off the hook in these woods. I would carefully hunt the ground, keeping a sharp lookout for any golden treasures, and I usually found them, quietly waiting on the edge of a tree line, or half buried under the needled of a fir tree. It was wonderful foraging, and rewarding to find some almost everywhere we went.

The golden light towards the end of each day was also beautiful to watch. Though on our last evening out, the weather was changing, and a thick mist rose up from the valley below to blanket us as the light faded. My mentor was a little frustrated, because it closed our last day of hunting a little earlier than we had hoped. Once the light is gone, even if the hunting hour is not over yet, you can’t shoot what you can’t sight in. Though the mist was welcome earlier in the evening, as a motivator to move the deer around, it soon became our shut out. I sat and documented the change in light as the fog set in.

Things got dark and still faster than we realized. As I waited, I thought about how quickly the conditions change in the higher elevations where we were. Even with the influx of moisture, the deer remained illusive and we ended out last evening without harvesting any animals, but I still got a handful of mushrooms.

When my mentor came out of the hunt to rejoin me at the truck, I was amazed at how well he blended into the landscape with the added shroud of mist. I took a few photos to show how hard it is to see someone in this kind of situation, burning the images into my memory. Late season black powder does not require hunter orange. You can see why knowing exactly where your hunting buddy is prevents confusion or worse, a fatal shot at someone. Never point a gun at something you can’t see clearly. There was a moment when my mentor’s movement first caught my eye, that I thought he was a deer in the low light and poor visibility. I continued to sit still with my gun across my lap, sorting the visuals that told my brain one thing, while my wisdom said remain still and just watch.

Hunting has taught me a lot about what our eyes perceive, versus what is really before us. For the rest of my life, I know I’ll have moments like this, thinking I see one thing, when it’s really something else quite different. Learning not to react with sudden impulse in these situations is a key safety skill. What a lesson that day. Again, so much gratitude to my mentor for inviting me on the experiential learning adventures. Of course, I’m also there as additional brute strength in case there was a deer harvested. Having a buddy to help get it out is always good. Though we did not receive a deer in this hunt, I got some priceless in the field dirt time with a man I have a deep love and respect for. I hope to pass these experiences on in my own mentoring, and look forward to more time with others in the hunt. So much gratitude for all the opportunities to learn and be with good teachers, who are also continuing to learn.

The Farm Bill?

This video caught my eye on the tube and so I took a moment to watch. There are a lot of mixed messages in the information, and some outright contradictions that the journalists who compiled this information do not pursue- maybe they will in future. I’m going to point a few things out and try to address them.

Commodity crops (soy and corn) vs.

The 1996 Farm Bill removed regulations on how much of certain crops could be grown, in favor of how much a farmer could make in the global market. This took larger, mostly corporate farms- the top 2% of farms, a lot of income. This happened because of corporate agricultural business lobbying for more government subsidies to make more profit. Let’s take a deeper look at these top percent of agricultural business, which dictates The Farm Bill.

Check out the #1 agricultural corporation in The World, Cargill– specifically it’s criticism arounf child labor, union busting, land grabs, and deforestation. These are the guys pushing palm oil over jungles and cheap child labor for investment gains. Number two in the world of agricultural big business is our old friend Monsanto– which merged with Bayer (#3).

John Deere is #4, and that’s all heavy equipment for the industrial farming- no small farm can support such massive machines, yet most of the technology that helps larger farms today is run by this company. They are in trouble with The Feds over right to repair and walked away from DEI. To name a few issues not in their Wiki page.

I would divide farming definitions of size by heavy machinery used. If you use more than a couple of tractors to do your farming, you are not a small farm. For people who use no large farm equipment (Leafhopper Farm LLC) in their practices, there is already the reward of not getting caught up in the costly nightmare of large equipment and the fossil fuels to run them. Yes, those who grow in that way are producing little in comparison, but if everyone with only a few acres practiced small scale- or were compelled to as part of the responsibility of owning farmable acreage, there would be an abundance of food in our communities, and we could move towards free food for all. I truly believe this based on my own production.

The #5 largest agricultural business is Syngenta AG– which has all the chemical fertilizers and seeds. Its stock is owned by a Chinese state owned company. People are so worried about Tick-Tock, well this company controls the majority of toxic chemicals used in food production. Do your own deep dive on these horrific affairs.

#6 is the main drive behind commodity crops in the US- Tyson Foods Inc. The meat industry is controlled by two main players and Hormel is the other one. We grow all that soy and corn for the animal feed these companies control. The video points out that The US is the top world producer of meat, and that industry gets $64 Billion in trade from it. Your local meat growers, who do not export, are not getting any say in The Farm Bill, and certainly won’t see any revenue support from it. Take it from a local sheep producer like me.

Now that you understand who the real players are, think about how much government subsidy is really going to them. As the video shows, many mid-sized farms that are still family owned, rely on the handouts through these big corporate influences running the show. Almost all farms have to get at least some of their inputs through these companies, and so they defer to those interests, because the big companies are the only ones representing themselves in congress through lobbying. There are individual farmers that still spend their precious winter months off in D.C. trying to protect family farm legacies, but that’s not where the money is. As Locust Farm’s owner said- he gets about $500 a year in federal support, and that’s not enough to cover anything.

About 9 minutes into the film, bio-fuels are briefly mentioned, and that’s another critical part of the Farm Bill web they should have looked at a little more closely- but it’s not related to their alarmist title “Why US Farms Are Struggling” if you think farming is only about food. Fuel is what runs most farming today, and that fuel is also starting to take priority over food. We can’t eat fuel, and it’s production is killing the environment which is our food, and water, and air. We are animals that can’t survive without clean environment.

At 9:30, the medium sized farm owner went into the small town economy talk, which again, this video seemed to step right over and not address. But pivoted back to human health, and it’s here I would like to make another point. The family farms that are bought into financial ties with these controlling corporate agricultural businesses can’t escape. They know that all rural business is tied into the corporate web, which they are beholden to. If they break from the norm, they have no income, and the rest of the town business goes bust. They already are bust. The medium sized farms are debt slaves. They pay any profit back into the farm for the massive inputs industrial farming demands. It’s a loose loose for farmers and the land, and it’s killing both.

For the little farms still being family run, suicide rates are high. This video does not get into this sad fact, but it must be mentioned here. Besides all the financial worries, farmers rely on the seasons and weather patterns, which are now becoming extreme. For corn and soy, this is not so scary, because the commidity crops are protected by The Farm Bill. But for the food crops that we really need in day to day living as people, there is little support or care, because salad greens and carrots are not profitable in our current federal programs and we can just import cheaper goods. How is that helping the farmer? The video does go there at 9:40, but then allows The Secretary of Agriculture, Thomas J. Vilsack, to “see things differently”. That’s it? WTF? Where is the journalism here?

At this point in the film, I was wondering what this was all about. The title is “Why US Farms Are Struggling”, yet this film is trying to talk about The Farm Bill as… good or bad? I think bad, but it’s so illusive on a real point beyond things are messed up and small farms, which grow most of the actual healthy food for us to eat, are not going to be around much longer. That is true, the way things are going environmentally. But when you go to the grocery store and reach for something that is no longer there, what then?

I’d like to close this little exploration with another video to help us see what’s happening in a close allied nation to our own. One we are working very hard to open more food imports to- England.

I’ve been following Flank Farm for a few years. I like that it’s run by a woman, trying to survive in the small farming world, and that the second generation is trying to help bring the story of family farming to a wider audience. England just passed a budget that will deeply impact family farms. What this woman farmer shared at 6:00 is what I think about all the time in farming. Our food web is vulnerable in so many ways. We can’t eat money. What will happen when food distribution is disrupted again like 2020 and COVID? For England, a small island nation, the affects are tremendous. Here in The US, we are building similar cracks in food systems by letting big money control our basic needs. The corporations are not living people, as so, they devour us as their income. Start planting your gardens now, and connect with other growers. When this system fails, backyard gardens and a few fruit trees down the street are all that will stand between our society and starvation. Get planting now and learn what’s growing on locally where you live.

Hops and Holly

There is a wall of thick greenery on the north side of the land at EEC Forest Stewardship. There, an old wire fence demarcates the property line and hosts a hedge of elder stature. This lush vegetation is dominated by a critical invasive species- Ilex aquifolium. Because of its mature establishment on this fence line, I’ve let it be more often than not, as the trunks reside on my neighbor’s land more than mine, but when branches lean too far over, I do take out the saw and cut back the intrusion along the driveway. In recent years, I also saw the hedge of holly, a problem, and made it my solution- a lattes- for another aggressive grower (but native) Cascade hops. It’s been a success! This year I took down some of the second story high growth of both plants and had a fantastic hops harvest, as well as a harvest of good hard wood for tool handles and building material. I’ve quickly dulled a few chainsaw chains, but all for a good cause.

Two longer holly logs will go into refurbishing the hay shed. It’s main cross beams are starting to decompose. Many of the agricultural structures on the farm are cobbled together with scrap material and wild wood. The largest timbers are whole logs that were never fully debarked, so insects got in and are now dropping enough frass to show those major structural supports are failing. New holly beams will bring strength and stability to a crucial structure for hay storage, the chicken coop, geese enclosure, and winter ram shelter. Most of the buildings here are multi-purpose. I’m glad the invasive holly can still literally support needed covered space after harvest. It will be a bit of a challenge to debark these logs, but well worth the effort, as holly is an extremely hard wood that will last for decades to come.

The hops are going into a friend’s brewing projects, and I did dry some for use in herbal smoke blends and tea. Hops is a sleep aid and relaxant- think of how sleepy and cozy a beer can make you feel. The dry hops are an herb that’s been used for a long time in health and well-being, long before it was used in brewing, but today, few people know the medicinal side of this wonderful plant. It will continue to be a staple here at EEC, and help to keep back the holly hedges. Be aware that this plant is a prolific grower and loves to shoot out horizontal roots that send up new growth all around. Plant it where it will be able to trellis on something else- like an invasive shrub or tree. Hops coil tightly around what they can get hold of, binding the host plant until it’s strangled. It’s a heck of a vine. You can pot it and send it up a cord to remain in control, cutting the cord to bring down the hops each year with ease. Check out more on cultivating hops here.

High Mountain Awareness

There are some truly magical places in The Central Cascades. I’m so grateful for the time, access, and those who have worked to protect these critical wilderness places near my home. Though these lakes were logged, and the trails left remain scars of logging roads from almost a century ago, the wilderness has returned, and offers breathtaking views of our beautiful mountains and priceless fresh water. I’ve spent a lot of time this summer exploring these higher elevation landscapes, and even swam in some of these waters where sometimes, there are not even stocked fish- amazing! The risk of going into these more remote places should not be taken lightly, and if you do go, look ahead and know the area and what to expect.

Alpine exploring takes a little planning and know how- I do not recommend just taking off on a trail without doing your research on place, weather, and what to bring to remain safe. There is wildlife here- some that could kill you. Not just bears and cougars, but also mountain goats, and then there’s the landscape its self. Massive rock slides that can shift at any time, steep edges with drops that you would not survive if you fell. Even a twisted ankle in the back country can put you at risk of not getting out before dark. At night, the temperatures at elevation drop dramatically, and without proper training on how to survive, you could be in for a fatal encounter with mother nature. On this day in July, 2024, I hiked up into The Central Cascades when there was a front moving in. No rain was expected, but I brought extra layers and kept an eye on the sky to make sure the weather cooperated. Since the mountain peaks make it hard to see the horizon, you won’t know if a storm is sneaking up on you till it might be too late.

My planned hike stayed below high ridge lines, so lightning was not a major threat. Always get down off high points if the weather is changing fast. My trail was well marked and not much elevation gain, so the day was relaxed and the distance short enough that I could get back to the truck quickly if the weather started to shift. Moody skies are important to read, and though the weather predictions were showing sun in the afternoon, I remained vigilant and timed my hike to be back out well before late afternoon. I was dazzled by the wildflowers and charmed by lakes that were glassy reflections of the peaks one minute, and then restless crushed velvet as the wind picked up. The gusts would come and go, but their signal of change kept me watching and feeling the air as I hiked on. By early afternoon, I felt the temperature dropping and turned to head back to the truck.

The sky darkened, and I felt a few drops of rain. The weather was changing, and that cold front was moving in. I remained calm, rushing would only raise my risk of falling. I continued to scan the landscape around me, stopping occasionally to listen, and watching my dog when she would stop and point. I do not hike with a gun, but I also don’t assume I am alone. People are the most dangerous thing you might encounter anywhere, but wildlife is also still a risk, and remaining alert and aware helps prevent unwanted encounters. You are more likely to die from hypothermia in the mountains than anything else, so please keep that in mind. A gun will not save you from freezing to death or becoming too dehydrated. Pack extra water and food when in the back country, and leave a clear map of where you are going with a friend, along with your planned time of arrival back home.

As I walked out, more wind picked up, and I watched mounting thunderheads forming in the distance. It was a good feeling to know I was heading towards the truck as the rain began to pick up. Still, it was relatively warm and the rain was not soaking through, so I felt comfortable and calm as I stopped to take a few pictured of plants to ID later at home.

As I came into view of the truck, I also saw the clouds curling down out of the sky and into the peaks around me. The front was arriving, and it was time to pack up and get down out of the clouds before I was socked in. As I began to drive away, the rain picked up, and I was graced with a show of incredible transition as the weather demonstrated her tour de force in the elevations. Imagine if I had still been on the trail hiking out when this fantastic transition occurred.

I watched my truck thermometer go from 68F down to 58F in seconds. The rain continued as the cloud bank blanketed the mountains and covered everything in a thick fog. Winds swept up from below and there was a mild sense of vertigo as my vision was obscured. In seconds all know landmarks disappeared, the wind picked up, and the damp rain continued. I was in the truck, safe and dry, heading out on a familiar road. If I had been up on the trail, I might have easily lost my way, become disoriented, and become yet another statistic in back country mistakes. Luckily, I had planned my exit and gotten out in time. The clouds continued to mount above, but I was heading down, and soon broke out of the mountain fog to see a familiar landmark below.

Fuller Mountain is an anomaly in The Upper Snoqualmie Valley which is an easy landmark from the western slope of my home range. The valley was in full sun, no one would have guessed what was happening a few thousand feet above. It’s always the unexpected that ruins our well laid plans. I’d been lucky with my timing. I had not know exactly when the front would be coming, and I could have been caught up in the clouds with only my familiarity with the trail to get me back out. This is how bad things happen in the mountains, and without careful planning, familiarity with the terrain, and a good exit strategy when it’s time to go, things can be very rough out there in the wilderness.

Questing for a Sign

During the hunting season, there are endless approaches to seeking food. Many of these techniques are dependent on many more other influences- weather, topography, geology, human impact, and time of day are all playing a role. When I’m looking for mushrooms, wet, cool weather is imperative. Young Douglas Fir dominate forest is ideal, and a ridge with some slope within a few hundred feet of wetland can raise probability of edible fungus, but you never know for sure. This is the beauty of reading the language of landscape, the sky, nature in all her forms, to best receive her bounty. When hunting Blacktail Deer, I’m looking for active sign that was recently made, usually near a diverse range of vegetation to brows, with places to hide, water to drink, and safe space to rest. Grown in clear cuts, like the one pictured above in foreground, are perfect deer habitat- with the understanding that hunting them within that thick cover is nearly impossible. So why walk into this mess? Because that’s where the deer are.

I began my walk by moving to the edge of the tree line next to the overgrown clearcut. These transition zones are good entering points off a road, and buffer some of the initial noise you will make moving into terrain with slash and logs spread all over the ground, muddy ruts from heavy machines working across the land, and the new growth weaving together to heal and regenerate the soil. On that rich earth there are clear shapes- signatures left by the inhabitants of this ever evolving commercial timber property. Those last words are the legacy of human impact- ownership over place. This philosophy of resource extraction by dominion through violence over the land remains. So do the original peoples who are now regaining their land through the dominion rights of our laws today. It will be a beautiful thing to see human signatures that are with nature upon these soils.

Today I am walking with this hope as I seek to connect to the land that feeds me directly in body, mind, and spirit. The deer moving across this clearing are doing the same- uninterrupted, even with colonial oppression for over 200 years. The plants also keep growing, and the wild waters flowing, even as money trumps the land in madness. I have to keep a sharp focus when moving through this terrain, just like the deer I am hoping to see. Though there are clear footfalls made fresh in the last hour, since the last hard downpour, I was not thinking about following any specific track, more the lines of passable trail these deer had erected through human induced chaos- which does somewhat mimic environmental drastic changes- like a forest fire, or blow down, but with less betterment of the place- but a reasonable profit for corporation to maintain.

Just before heading out on foot, I had driven a few miles to get here. The roads that allow for this access are monumental in build and devastation- including the accessibility, which allows me to walk into this setting for a hunt, and the machines to clearcut. As I was driving in, I came upon an active part of the tree farm agricultural “renewals”- spreading treated sewage from Seattle into recently clearcut expanses, much like the one the deer and I were enjoying. The Loop System of biosolids for the soil is green washing at its best. Treated sewage is full of prescription drugs, heavy metals, and forever plastics- which are then spread into watersheds- yes, it’s all connected- and the good news is- there’s a lot of fresh nitrogen in the ground to grow more trees! The overgrow clearcut I am walking in has been replanted with these excellent GMO timber producing forest products. The deer don’t eat them, they are nabbing the fresh, tender leaves and shoots of the last understory growth this plot will see for the chemical future. Herbicide is sprayed liberally to keep wild plants from shading out the industrial timber being cultivated.

Vine maple, willow, and fireweed all signal the brief flash of wilderness trying to come back. The Douglas fir will grow in this, and a forest would naturally evolve in time, but chemical application speeds up growth and guarantees more production for our industrial corporate profits. The cumbersome brush just feeds the deer, and after the herbicide treatment, wildlife stays away from these areas. That makes the sewage spread easier though, so it’s a win win for the farm. Remember, this is an agricultural practice. But I see a lot of brows (could you see it in the picture above?), and I stumble on through the maze of animal trails coiling through the piles of debris. I will applaud industry practices which sifted from burning slash to piling it, to spreading it across the barren soils after the cutting is done. This helps prevent more catastrophic erosion caused by logging. The treated sewage application will reintroduce some of the nutrients lost when the majority of the biomass (tree trunks) harvested in logging, are hauled away. This massive removal of fertility from the soil has to be replaced if more trees are to grow.

As I drove by the freshly fertilized fields, the smell caught my breath, and I rolled up my windows quickly while gagging on what is an horrific stench. It took about a mile of distance to get away from the odor and loud machine work. My overgrown clearcut was alive with other sounds- bird-calls, caking sticks as I stumbled around, and the occasional buzz of insects lazily bombarding through the brush with careless ease while I bumbled along trying to follow the deer trails. I knew I was not going to sneak up on a deer, but I would hopefully get a view of one rising from it’s lay to get away from me, and sure enough, by the time I was well into the center of the field, I could see a flagging tail and occasional bouncing head of a young blacktail doe hopping over the slash with ease as she moved away from my oncoming cacophony. To be clear- because there was no clear view, I was not even thinking about trying to take a shot. This was an exercise in finding the deer and getting them up and moving. Perhaps if I could keep in line with the deer till it popped out onto the road, or came into a clearing, then I might start to think of my options, but the doe quickly disappeared into the thick cover while I stumbled down into a bog with some large bones scattered about. What the?!?

My sudden limited vision and low lying predicament sent a slight sense of caution into my steps. The ground was open, but high walls of earth and brush loomed over me, and the area was littered with elk bones that had been gnawed upon. Scenes from Heart of Darkness came into my mind, and I hastened to get back onto higher ground, and take a look around me to make sure I was not warranting a stalker. But I’m carrying a gun- what am I afraid of? My gun would not catch a cougar with the element of surprise. When these big cats choose to make an ambush, they leap from behind, usually from above, and their long sharp teeth are the perfect width apart to sever the spinal chord. The blacktail sign was gone, and I beat a retreat out of the bog, climbing up the side of one earthen wall. My frantic brain, now in flight mode, pushed me towards a large old growth stump with enough elevation to give me some vision. I scrambled up the decomposed woody mass and surveyed my surroundings. There was not a cougar around that I could see, so I sat still for a long time waiting.

The sky to my east was filling up with darker clouds, and a rain sheet began to obscure the nearby mountains. Weather was coming in, and I didn’t want to be caught in it while scrambling through slash and derbies, so I planned my rout back to the road. Just as I was about to climb back down, I spotted the flag of a familiar tail and watched my doe flitting along about one hundred feet away. It was in the general direction of the road, so I decided to trail her again. Heading east, I used other stumps as landmarks to keep in the right direction. Soon the deer was lost again, but I came upon her bed (pictured below), and other lays in the area, which confirmed to me there were several deer using this clearcut as a bed down zone. That coupled with the tracks and brows all around confirmed this as a deer habitat that could be hunted successfully with some patience and a little luck. However, it was now starting to sprinkle, and I needed to get back to my truck before the downpour began.

The stalk was successful, in that I found a deer with lots of confirmed sign. When it’s not raining, blacktail deer tend to bed down and relax for a while. It’s a great time to go walking through the clear cuts to see what pops up. These industrial timber lands maintain openings in an otherwise impenetrable forest. If there was not so much chemical use, I’d say it’s a great place for deer to thrive, but in recent years, with all the applications going on, the wildlife is starting to disappear from the area. In the 2 weeks of hunting I usually have available, the tree farm is my go to place to seek a deer- but in the last five years, I’ve harvested from my own land or neighbor adjacent with permission. I’ve noticed a shift in the past 10 years of hunting the tree farm. The deer are going away, pushed out by unpalatable chemicals and activity in the area. This problem is not lost on The Snoqualmie Tribe, who recently purchased the northern 20,000 acres of The Snoqualmie Tree Far- which is owned by Campbell Global, an international conglomerate of resource extraction wealth. The tribes tend to continue logging practices, but some of the 20,000 acres is going to the tribe as ancestral land for restoration and traditional use. My hope is they plant native food crops and regenerate the forest for long term climate adaptation. In the end, they will do what they like- as they should, because all this land we’re on is stolen, and giving it back to the people who were following their original instructions like the deer, will have a far better overall impact than colonial greed.

Like the tracks and the lay, chemical sprays and treated sewage leave a mark that, unlike the tracks and lay, the marks of colonial industry will have a lasting cascade of detriment to the environment that will haunt all for generations to come. With the deer becoming far less prevalent in these areas of the tree farm, I worry the effects are compounding faster than science can keep up with. Like climate change, the environmental unraveling in our forests and wild water will come to us in pollutants we may not see, but cancer rates keep going up, and once introduced into the environment, most of these hazards cannot be easily mitigated. I continue to walk the landscape looking for signs. In areas of the tree farm that have not yet seen these applications, there is more wildlife activity, but as soon as the cut and spray begins, the animals shy away, and much of the diversity in vegetation is chemically killed. These practices do not help our habitat for the deer, or ourselves, and if we don’t start changing our own practices, all life will suffer and eventually become extinct. Still, I am grateful for every opportunity to be in the landscape learning from what nature reveals, even when the signatures of man made atrocities scar what’s left of the natural world. I’ll endeavor to connect and be apart of what’s left, while also remembering what was. Thank you deer nation, for continuing to stay present and in your place or origin.